The Colt Navy 1851 is an iconic revolver, a symbol of the American Wild West and a significant piece of firearms history. But its enduring appeal extends beyond its historical significance; many enthusiasts explore the fascinating world of conversion cylinders for these revolvers. This comprehensive guide delves into the history, functionality, and modern availability of 1851 Colt Navy conversion cylinders.
Understanding the Original 1851 Colt Navy Revolver
Before we explore conversions, let's establish a foundation. The Colt Navy 1851 was a .36 caliber percussion revolver, meaning it utilized a cap and ball system for ignition. This system, while effective, had limitations. The accuracy was often inconsistent, and reloading was a slow, messy process. These inherent drawbacks fueled the demand for improvements, leading to the development of conversion cylinders.
The Rise of Conversion Cylinders: From Black Powder to Rimfire
The late 19th and early 20th centuries saw significant advancements in ammunition technology. The introduction of metallic cartridges offered several advantages over the traditional cap and ball system: increased accuracy, faster reloading, and more powerful cartridges. This spurred the creation of conversion cylinders, allowing shooters to adapt their beloved 1851 Colt Navys to fire the newer, more efficient cartridges.
These conversion cylinders were designed to fit into the existing frame of the 1851 revolver, replacing the original percussion cylinder. They were typically chambered for popular rimfire cartridges of the time, most notably the .22 Short, .22 Long, and sometimes even larger calibers depending on the manufacturer and specific conversion cylinder design.
Popular Conversion Cylinder Calibers:
- .22 Short: A common and readily available choice, offering a relatively inexpensive way to shoot the converted revolver.
- .22 Long: A slightly more powerful option compared to the .22 Short, providing increased range and penetration.
- Other Calibers: While less common, some bespoke or custom-made conversion cylinders might accommodate other calibers, but this requires careful research and understanding of the potential stress on the firearm.
Finding and Using Conversion Cylinders Today
Finding original antique conversion cylinders can be a challenge, and their condition can vary significantly. Many collectors actively seek these historical artifacts, driving up their prices. Therefore, exercise caution when purchasing and always verify authenticity and safety before use.
Modern Reproductions and Considerations:
Today, some manufacturers produce reproduction conversion cylinders for the 1851 Colt Navy. These reproductions offer a safer and more accessible alternative to antique versions. When considering a modern reproduction, remember to check for:
- Material Quality: Ensure the cylinder is made from durable and reliable materials to withstand the pressures of firing.
- Accuracy of Fit: A proper fit is crucial for safe and reliable operation. A poorly fitting cylinder can lead to malfunctions and potential damage to the firearm.
- Reputable Manufacturer: Purchasing from a known and trusted manufacturer helps to ensure quality and safety.
Safety First: A Crucial Reminder
Using conversion cylinders, whether antique or reproduction, requires a deep understanding of firearm safety. Always prioritize safety:
- Thorough Inspection: Before each use, carefully inspect the revolver and conversion cylinder for any damage or defects.
- Proper Ammunition: Use only the correct ammunition specified for the conversion cylinder. Never use the wrong caliber.
- Competent Handling: Always handle the firearm responsibly and follow all relevant safety guidelines.
- Professional Advice: If you're unsure about any aspect of using conversion cylinders, seek guidance from a qualified gunsmith or firearms expert.
Conclusion: Preserving History and Enjoying Modern Technology
Conversion cylinders represent a fascinating intersection of history and technology. They allow enthusiasts to experience the iconic 1851 Colt Navy in a new way, while also appreciating the evolution of firearm technology. By understanding the historical context, carefully selecting appropriate cylinders, and prioritizing safety, you can safely enjoy this unique aspect of firearms history and appreciate the enduring legacy of the Colt Navy 1851. Remember, always consult with qualified professionals and adhere to all relevant safety regulations when handling firearms.
