The romantic image of a stagecoach rumbling across the Wild West, its occupants protected by the menacing gleam of a double-barreled shotgun, captures the imagination. While the reality was likely less cinematic, the 20 gauge double barrel stagecoach shotgun holds a significant place in American history and firearms collecting. This article delves into the history, features, and collectibility of these fascinating firearms.
The History of Stagecoach Shotguns
While no specific "stagecoach shotgun" model existed, the term refers to the types of shotguns frequently carried on stagecoaches during the 19th century. These were typically double-barreled shotguns, often in 10, 12, or 16 gauge, but 20 gauge examples were also common. Their popularity stemmed from their practicality:
- Reliable Stopping Power: The double barrels offered immediate follow-up shots, crucial in defending against bandits or other threats.
- Compact Size: Stagecoaches offered limited space, necessitating relatively compact firearms. A 20 gauge, while powerful, was smaller and lighter than larger gauges, making it a viable option.
- Ease of Use: Double-barreled shotguns are simple to operate, requiring minimal training, which was vital in a time when firearms proficiency varied greatly.
The specific manufacturers of these shotguns varied widely. Many were produced by well-known American gunmakers of the era, but countless others came from smaller workshops or even custom-built by individual gunsmiths. This contributes significantly to the uniqueness of surviving examples. Many were simply hunting shotguns adapted for self-defense.
Features of a 20 Gauge Double Barrel Stagecoach Shotgun
While individual variations are substantial, several features are common among 20 gauge double barrel shotguns associated with the stagecoach era:
- Side-by-Side Barrels: This configuration was standard for double-barreled shotguns of the time.
- Hammer Guns: Many examples featured exposed hammers, requiring manual cocking before each shot. However, hammerless designs started appearing later in the period.
- Simple Mechanisms: The actions were relatively simple, prioritizing reliability over intricate mechanisms.
- Wood Stocks: Typically made from walnut or other durable hardwoods, the stocks were often plain but functional.
- Short Barrels: Shorter barrels were common, reflecting their intended use for close-quarters defense rather than long-range hunting.
Identifying genuine "stagecoach" shotguns requires careful examination and potentially, expert appraisal. Many shotguns were used for a variety of purposes and later associated (sometimes falsely) with the stagecoach era.
Collectibility and Value
The value of a 20 gauge double barrel stagecoach shotgun varies greatly based on several factors:
- Manufacturer: Recognizable names command higher prices.
- Condition: Excellent condition, with minimal wear and original finishes, significantly increases value.
- Rarity: Unusual variations or modifications can boost a shotgun’s collectibility.
- Provenance: If the shotgun's history can be traced, particularly if it has a verifiable link to the stagecoach era, its value increases dramatically.
Finding authentic examples in good condition is challenging. Many have been lost to time, damage, or modification. Collectors actively seek these firearms, recognizing their historical significance and the role they played in American history. Before purchasing, consultation with a firearms expert specializing in antique shotguns is highly recommended. Proper authentication is critical to determining both authenticity and value.
Conclusion
The 20 gauge double barrel stagecoach shotgun represents more than just a firearm; it’s a tangible link to a pivotal era in American history. While not a specific model, the term embodies a class of shotguns vital for self-defense in a wild and often dangerous frontier. Understanding their history, features, and collectibility helps appreciate the significance of these fascinating pieces of Americana.
