For the serious shotgunner, crafting your own slugs offers unparalleled control over projectile design and cost savings. This guide dives deep into the world of 20 gauge slug molds, exploring various mold types, materials, and considerations for safe and effective slug casting.
Understanding 20 Gauge Slug Molds
A 20 gauge slug mold is a specialized tool used to create slugs—solid projectiles—for 20 gauge shotguns. Unlike commercially manufactured slugs, homemade slugs allow for precise customization regarding weight, shape, and alloy composition, leading to potentially improved accuracy and downrange performance. These molds are crucial for those engaged in reloading their own ammunition, whether for hunting, sport shooting, or self-defense.
Types of 20 Gauge Slug Molds
Several types of 20 gauge slug molds cater to different needs and budgets:
-
Two-cavity molds: These molds simultaneously cast two slugs per pour, increasing efficiency. They are a popular choice for many reloaders due to their balance of cost and speed.
-
Single-cavity molds: Offering superior control over the casting process, single-cavity molds produce one slug at a time. This precision makes them ideal for experimenting with different alloy compositions and achieving consistently high-quality slugs.
-
Lee® molds: A well-known and respected brand among reloaders, Lee® offers various 20 gauge slug molds known for their affordability and reliability. Their designs often prioritize ease of use for beginners.
-
Other brands: Numerous other manufacturers produce high-quality 20 gauge slug molds, including RCBS, Lyman, and others. These often feature improvements in design and materials for enhanced durability and casting precision.
Materials and Considerations
The selection of materials significantly impacts the quality and longevity of your slugs and mold:
-
Mold Material: Most molds are constructed from cast iron or aluminum. Cast iron offers superior heat retention, leading to more consistent casting, while aluminum is lighter and easier to handle but may require more careful temperature management.
-
Alloy Selection: The type of alloy used in your slugs directly affects their ballistic properties. Common alloys include lead, lead-tin, and various lead-antimony combinations. Each provides a different balance of hardness, expansion characteristics, and accuracy. Researching the appropriate alloy for your specific needs and hunting regulations is crucial.
Safety Precautions
Slug casting involves working with molten lead, which presents significant health and safety risks. Always prioritize these crucial precautions:
-
Proper Ventilation: Ensure adequate ventilation to minimize exposure to lead fumes. A well-ventilated area, or the use of a respirator, is paramount.
-
Protective Gear: Wear appropriate safety gear, including gloves, eye protection, and a long-sleeved shirt to protect your skin from burns and lead exposure.
-
Fire Safety: Molten lead is extremely hot and can easily ignite flammable materials. Keep a fire extinguisher nearby and ensure the casting area is free of combustible materials.
-
Lead Handling: Lead is a toxic heavy metal. Practice proper lead handling techniques to prevent ingestion or inhalation. Always wash your hands thoroughly after handling lead and its alloys.
Conclusion
Creating your own 20 gauge slugs using a quality mold offers substantial benefits for the dedicated reloader. However, understanding the various mold types, materials, and safety procedures is critical for producing accurate, reliable, and safe ammunition. Careful planning and adherence to safety protocols will ensure a rewarding and successful slug casting experience. Remember to always consult your local hunting regulations regarding legal slug specifications and weights.
