Turkey hunting demands precision and power, making the choice of shotgun crucial. While 12-gauge shotguns are the traditional favorite, the 20-gauge is increasingly popular, prompting the question: Is a 20 gauge good for turkey hunting? The answer is a qualified yes, but it depends on several factors.
The Pros of Using a 20 Gauge for Turkey Hunting
A 20-gauge shotgun offers several advantages that make it a viable, and for some, preferable, option for turkey hunting:
- Reduced Recoil: This is perhaps the biggest draw for many hunters. The lighter recoil makes for a more comfortable shooting experience, especially for those new to hunting or with less upper body strength. Less recoil translates to faster follow-up shots, crucial in a fast-paced turkey hunt.
- Lighter Weight: 20-gauge shotguns are generally lighter than their 12-gauge counterparts. This is advantageous for carrying the gun through challenging terrain, potentially leading to less fatigue during long hunts.
- Improved Accuracy: Many hunters find the lighter weight and reduced recoil contribute to improved accuracy. This is especially valuable when taking longer shots.
- Quieter Shot: While not significantly quieter, the reduced recoil can mean a slightly quieter shot, potentially less likely to spook birds in close proximity.
The Cons of Using a 20 Gauge for Turkey Hunting
Despite its benefits, the 20-gauge does have some drawbacks:
- Less Stopping Power: This is the primary concern for many hunters. The smaller gauge means less shot per shell, potentially leading to less effective patterns and reduced lethality at longer ranges. While modern ammunition has significantly improved this, it remains a factor.
- Pattern Density: Achieving consistent, dense patterns at longer distances can be more challenging with a 20-gauge compared to a 12-gauge. Careful selection of chokes and ammunition is essential.
- Limited Ammunition Selection: While the selection is improving, 20-gauge turkey ammunition may not be as readily available or diverse as 12-gauge options in some areas.
Choosing the Right Ammunition and Choke
To maximize the effectiveness of a 20-gauge for turkey hunting, careful consideration of ammunition and choke is vital.
Ammunition:
- High-Velocity Shotshells: Opt for high-velocity shells designed specifically for turkey hunting. These shells are loaded with larger shot sizes (typically No. 4, No. 5, or No. 6) for improved penetration and knockdown power.
- Tungsten or Hevi-Shot: Consider using premium ammunition like tungsten or Hevi-Shot for improved penetration and range. These are denser than lead and offer better performance, particularly at longer ranges.
Chokes:
- Extra-Full Choke: An extra-full choke is typically recommended for turkey hunting with a 20-gauge to achieve the tightest possible pattern and maximize range.
Is a 20 Gauge Right For You?
Ultimately, the decision of whether a 20-gauge is suitable for turkey hunting depends on individual factors:
- Shooting Experience: Experienced hunters comfortable with shot placement and capable of making accurate shots at longer ranges may find a 20-gauge perfectly adequate.
- Hunting Style: For hunters who primarily focus on close-range shots, a 20-gauge can be highly effective.
- Physical Capabilities: Hunters seeking to reduce recoil and improve comfort will find the 20-gauge an excellent option.
- Hunting Location: The terrain and typical shot distances will influence the choice. Open areas requiring longer shots may benefit from a 12-gauge's increased power.
Thorough pattern testing with your chosen ammunition and choke is crucial before hunting to ensure you are confident in your equipment's performance.
In conclusion, while a 20-gauge might not offer the same raw power as a 12-gauge, its lighter weight, reduced recoil, and improved accuracy make it a viable and effective option for many turkey hunters. Carefully consider the pros and cons, choose the right ammunition and choke, and practice extensively – then you can decide if a 20-gauge is the right choice for your turkey hunting adventures.
